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> df$d2 = factor(df$x2)
> df = data.frame(
+ y = c(45, 47.9, 47.1, 53.6, 49.5, 44.5, 41.6, 46.1, 48.3, 44.4),
+ x1 = c(41, 45, 67, 41, 36, 56, 52, 45, 42, 53),
+ x2 = c("med", "med", "lo", "med", "med", "lo", "hi", "lo", "hi", "med")
+ )
> typeof(df$x2)
[1] "character"
> df$d2 = factor(df$x2)
> typeof(df$d2)
[1] "integer"
> df$d2
[1] med med lo med med lo hi lo hi med
Levels: hi lo med
> summary(lm(y ~ x1 + x2, data=df))

Call:
lm(formula = y ~ x1 + x2, data = df)

Residuals:
Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
-3.442 -1.953 -0.642 1.955 5.158

Coefficients:
Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
(Intercept) 52.6809 7.8750 6.690 0.000541
x1 -0.1645 0.1596 -1.031 0.342392
x2lo 2.4304 3.4163 0.711 0.503539
x2med 2.5049 2.9050 0.862 0.421648

Residual standard error: 3.396 on 6 degrees of freedom
Multiple R-squared: 0.3005, Adjusted R-squared: -0.04927
F-statistic: 0.8591 on 3 and 6 DF, p-value: 0.5113

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group value
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A 0.177
A 0.264
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A 0.574
B 0.206
B 0.283
B 0.701
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2¡¥SE(ln(HR)) = ¢å((1 / (¼£ÎÅ·²¤Î´Ñ»¡´ü´ÖÃæ¤Î¥¤¥Ù¥ó¥ÈȯÀ¸¿ô/ Ê¿¶Ñ´Ñ»¡´ü´Ö)) + (1 / (Âоȷ²¤Î´Ñ»¡´ü´ÖÃæ¤Î¥¤¥Ù¥ó¥ÈȯÀ¸¿ô/ Ê¿¶Ñ´Ñ»¡´ü´Ö))) = ¢å((1 / (94 / 1.45)) + (1 / (34 / 1.45))) = 0.241

CI = exp(ln(HR) ¡Þ 1.96 * SE(ln(HR)))
Lower Limit of CI = exp(0.223 - 1.96 * 0.241) = 0.779
Upper Limit of CI = exp(0.223 + 1.96 * 0.241) = 2.0044

Conc.) Hazard ratio 1.25, 95%CI 0.779-2.0044

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> x = c("M", "F", "M", "M", "F")
> class(x)
[1] "character"
> y = factor(x)
> y
[1] M F M M F
Levels: F M
> as.integer(y)
[1] 2 1 2 2 1
> table(x)
x
F M
2 3
> table(y)
y
F M
2 3
> z = as.integer(y) - 1
> z
[1] 1 0 1 1 0
> mean(z)
[1] 0.6


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> class(iris$Species)  # Species ¤Ï̾µÁ¼ÜÅÙÊÑ¿ô¡Êfactor ·¿¡Ë¤Ç¤¹
[1] "factor"

> res = lm(Sepal.Length ~ ., data=iris)
> summary(res)

Call:
lm(formula = Sepal.Length ~ ., data = iris)

Residuals:
Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
-0.79424 -0.21874 0.00899 0.20255 0.73103

Coefficients:
Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
(Intercept) 2.17127 0.27979 7.760 1.43e-12
Sepal.Width 0.49589 0.08607 5.761 4.87e-08
Petal.Length 0.82924 0.06853 12.101 < 2e-16
Petal.Width -0.31516 0.15120 -2.084 0.03889
Speciesversicolor -0.72356 0.24017 -3.013 0.00306 # ̾µÁ¼ÜÅÙÊÑ¿ô Species ¤Î¥À¥ß¡¼ÊÑ¿ô1
Speciesvirginica -1.02350 0.33373 -3.067 0.00258 # ̾µÁ¼ÜÅÙÊÑ¿ô Species ¤Î¥À¥ß¡¼ÊÑ¿ô2

Residual standard error: 0.3068 on 144 degrees of freedom
Multiple R-squared: 0.8673, Adjusted R-squared: 0.8627
F-statistic: 188.3 on 5 and 144 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16


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> d <- matrix(c(
+ 10,14,6,0,
+ 6,20,15,0,
+ 1,15,29,3,
+ 0,1,2,1),ncol=4,byrow=TRUE)
> d
[,1] [,2] [,3] [,4]
[1,] 10 14 6 0
[2,] 6 20 15 0
[3,] 1 15 29 3
[4,] 0 1 2 1

¡Ê¼ÁÌ䣱¡Ë
¤´¾Ò²ð¤¯¤À¤µ¤Ã¤¿±þÍÑÌäÂê¤Îmacnemar.test¤ÈÀÄÌÚÀèÀ¸ºî¤Î¡ÖÊ̤γÈÄ¥¤Ë¤è¤ë...¡×¤Ç·ë²Ì¤¬°Û¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹¤¬¡Ê¤½¤â¤½¤âÁ°¼Ô¤ÏpÃͤʤɤ¬·×»»¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£0¤¬±Æ¶Á¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤Î¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¤«¡©¡Ë¡¤¤³¤ì¤Ï¤É¤Á¤é¤ò»ÈÍѤ¹¤ì¤Ð¤è¤í¤·¤¤¤Î¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¤«¡£

> mcnemar.test(d)

McNemar's Chi-squared test

data: d
McNemar's chi-squared = NaN, df = 6, p-value = NA

> McNemar(d)

³ÈÄ¥¤µ¤ì¤¿¥Þ¥¯¥Í¥Þ¡¼¸¡Äê¡ÊÆó¹à¸¡Äê¤Ëµ¢Ãå¡Ë

data: d
n1 = 25, n2 = 38, p-value = 0.1299

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Re: ³ÈÄ¥¤µ¤ì¤¿¥Þ¥¯¥Í¥Þ¡¼
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> Á°¼Ô¤ÏpÃͤʤɤ¬·×»»¤µ¤ì¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£0¤¬±Æ¶Á¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤Î¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¤«¡©

R ¤Î macnemar.test ¤Ï¡¤
http://aoki2.si.gunma-u.ac.jp/lecture/Hiritu/McNemar-test.html
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(n[i,j] - n[j,i])^2 / (n[i,j]+ n[j,i]), i < j ¤ÎÁíϤò¼è¤ë¤Î¤Ç¤¹¤¬¡¤¸¡Äꤷ¤è¤¦¤È¤·¤¿¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤Î d[1,4] ¤È d[4, 1] ¤¬¤È¤â¤Ë 0 ¤Ê¤Î¤Ç ʬÊ줬 0 ¤Ë¤Ê¤ê¡¤0¤Ç¤Î³ä¤ê»»¥¨¥é¡¼¤¬À¸¤¸¤ë¤Î¤Ç·ë²Ì¤¬ NaN ¤Ë¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£

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> McNemar¤Ç¤¹¤¬¡¤¤³¤ì¤Ïchisq¤ÎÃͤϽÐÎϤµ¤ì¤Ê¤¤¤Î¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¤«

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McNemar ¤Ç¤Ï¡¤ÄêµÁ¾åÉÔ²Äǽ¤Ç¤¹¡£

mcnemar.test ¤Ç¤Ï¡¤¸Ä¡¹¤Î (n[i,j] - n[j,i])^2 / (n[i,j]+ n[j,i]), i < j ¤òɾ²Á¤¹¤ì¤Ð¤è¤¤¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¡Ê¼«Í³ÅÙ1¡Ë

Re: ³ÈÄ¥¤µ¤ì¤¿¥Þ¥¯¥Í¥Þ¡¼
¡¡¡¡Åê¹Æ¼Ô¡§Lion 2022/09/13(Tue) 09:48 No. 23207
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,¸Ä¿ô¤òɽ¤·¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹¡£

month/category A B C D E
4·î 73 13 2 18 25
12·î¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡189 10 54 20 18


Re: ÍѤ¤¤ë¸¡Äê
¡¡¡¡Åê¹Æ¼Ô¡§aoki 2022/08/24(Wed) 07:15 No. 23200
http://aoki2.si.gunma-u.ac.jp/lecture/Hiritu/McNemar-test.html
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Re: ÍѤ¤¤ë¸¡Äê
¡¡¡¡Åê¹Æ¼Ô¡§Lion 2022/08/24(Wed) 12:05 No. 23202
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A:Àµ¤·¤¤ÆüËܸì¤Ç½ñ¤±¤Æ¤¤¤ëʸ¤Î¿ô
B:´Ö°ã¤Ã¤¿ÆüËܸì¤Ç½ñ¤¤¤Æ¤¤¤ëʸ¤Î¿ô
C:´Ö°ã¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤Æ¡¤°ÕÌ£¤âÍý²ò¤Ç¤­¤Ê¤¤Ê¸¤Î¿ô

°ì¿Í¤Î³ØÀ¸¤Îºîʸ¤ò¸«¤Æ¡¤¤½¤ì¤¾¤ì¤Î¥«¥Æ¥´¥ê¡¼¤Ë´Þ¤Þ¤ì¤ëʸ¤Î¿ô¤ò¥«¥¦¥ó¥È¤·¤Æ¤¤¤¯¤ï¤±¤Ç¤¹¡£¤½¤·¤Æ¡¤50¿Í¤Î¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤¬¼¡¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤È¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£

A B C
4·î 510 1200 311
12·î 1250 310 59

¤³¤¦¤¤¤Ã¤¿¸Ä¿ô¤Î¾ì¹ç¤â¡Ê¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤òÊÑ´¹¤·¤Ê¤±¤ì¤Ð¤Ê¤é¤Ê¤¤¤Î¤Ç¤¹¤¬¡Ë¡¤¥Þ¥¯¥Í¥Þ¡¼¸¡Äê¤Î³ÈÄ¥¤Ç¤è¤í¤·¤¤¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¤«¡£

ʪ¤ï¤«¤ê¤¬°­¤¯¤Æ¿½¤·Ìõ¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£

Re: ÍѤ¤¤ë¸¡Äê
¡¡¡¡Åê¹Æ¼Ô¡§aoki 2022/08/24(Wed) 17:35 No. 23203
> º£²ó¤Î»ä¤Î¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤Î¾ì¹ç¤Ï¿Í¿ô¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¯¡¤¸Ä¿ô¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¤Î¤Ç¤¹¡£

Âбþ¤Î¤¢¤ë¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¤È¤¤¤¦¤³¤È¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¤Î¤Ç¡¤ÉáÄ̤Τ¤¤ï¤æ¤ë¦ÖÆó¾è¸¡Äê¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¡£

> chisq.test(matrix(c(510, 1200, 311, 1250, 310, 59), byrow=TRUE, ncol=3))

Pearson's Chi-squared test

data: matrix(c(510, 1200, 311, 1250, 310, 59), byrow = TRUE, ncol = 3)
X-squared = 974.83, df = 2, p-value < 2.2e-16

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Re: ÍѤ¤¤ë¸¡Äê
¡¡¡¡Åê¹Æ¼Ô¡§Lion 2022/08/25(Thu) 10:15 No. 23204
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Re: 2·²¤ÎÂбþ¤Î¤¢¤ë¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤òÊ¿¶Ñ²½¤·¤Æ¹Ô¤¦¸¡Äê¤ÎÀµÅöÀ­¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ
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ÆóÍ×°ø¤Îʬ»¶Ê¬ÀÏ¡ÊSAB ¥¿¥¤¥×¡¨RBFpq ¥Ç¥¶¥¤¥ó¡¨È︡¼ÔÆâ·×²è¡Ë
http://aoki2.si.gunma-u.ac.jp/R/SAB.html

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Re: 2·²¤ÎÂбþ¤Î¤¢¤ë¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤òÊ¿¶Ñ²½¤·¤Æ¹Ô¤¦¸¡Äê¤ÎÀµÅöÀ­¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ
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¡¡¡¡Åê¹Æ¼Ô¡§¥³¥í¥ó 2021/12/12(Sun) 12:22 No. 23172
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mean1 <- round(mean(d[method=="¡»" & personal=="¡»", 3]), digits=2)
mean2 <- round(mean(d[method=="¢¤" & personal=="¢¤", 3]), digits=2)
mean3 <- round(mean(d[method=="¢£" & personal=="¢£", 3]), digits=2)

mean1¤Èmean3¤Ï¾®¿ôÅÀ°Ê²¼¤¬3·å°Ê¾å¤È¤Ê¤ë¤¿¤á¾®¿ôÂè2¤Þ¤Çɽ¼¨¤µ¤»¤ë¤³¤È¤Ï¤Ç¤­¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤Î¤Ç¤¹¤¬¡¤mean2¤¬30(.00)¤È¤Ê¤ê¡¤mean1¤ämean3¤ÈƱ¤¸¤è¤¦¤Ë¾®¿ôÂè2¤Þ¤Çɽ¼¨¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤«¤È»×¤Ã¤¿¤é¡¤¾®¿ôÅÀ°Ê²¼¤Ïɽ¼¨¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤»¤ó¤Ç¤·¤¿¡£mean2¤Î30¤ò30.00¤Ë¤¹¤ë¤Ë¤Ï¤É¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ë¤·¤¿¤éÎɤ¤¤Î¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¤«¡£

format¤Ç¤ä¤Ã¤Æ¤ß¤¿¤Î¤Ç¤¹¤¬¡¤Ê¸»úÎó¤È¤·¤Æ½èÍý¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤·¤Þ¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ç¡¤¤½¤Î¸å¤Î»Í§±é»»¤Ç¥¨¥é¡¼¤¬µ¯¤­¤Æ¤·¤Þ¤¤¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£

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Re: ¾®¿ô°Ê²¼¤ò·¤¨¤ë
¡¡¡¡Åê¹Æ¼Ô¡§aoki 2021/12/12(Sun) 14:07 No. 23173
¥³¥Ô¥Ú¤·¤ÆÆ°¤¯·Á¤ÇÄ󼨤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£d ¤Ê¤ó¤«ÉÔÍפǼÙËâ¤Ê¤À¤±¤Ç¤¹¡£¤Ê¤ó¤Î¾ðÊó¤â¤â¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£

°Ê²¼¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¤³¤È¤Ê¤ó¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦?

> round(31.2345, digits=2)
[1] 31.23
> round(30, digits=2)
[1] 30
> round(31.45678, digits=2)
[1] 31.46

> format¤Ç¤ä¤Ã¤Æ¤ß¤¿¤Î¤Ç¤¹¤¬¡¤Ê¸»úÎó¤È¤·¤Æ½èÍý¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤·¤Þ¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ç¡¤¤½¤Î¸å¤Î»Í§±é»»¤Ç¥¨¥é¡¼¤¬µ¯¤­¤Æ¤·¤Þ¤¤¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£

¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ¤â¡¤¼ÂºÝ¤Ë½ñ¤¤¤¿¥×¥í¥°¥é¥à¤ò¼¨¤·¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¡£

sprintf ¤Ïʸ»úÎó¤ËÊÑ´¹¤¹¤ë¤â¤Î¤Ç¤¹¤«¤é¡¤¤½¤Î¸å»Í§±é»»¤¹¤ë¤È¥¨¥é¡¼¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¤Î¤Ï¤¢¤¿¤ê¤Þ¤¨¤Ç¤¹¤¬¡¤¤½¤â¤½¤â¡¤¤½¤Î¸å»Í§±é»»¤¹¤ë¤Î¤Ê¤é¡¤¾®¿ôÅÀ°Ê²¼2·å¤Ç´Ý¤á¤¿¤Î¤Ç¤Ï¸íº¹¤ò´Þ¤à¤³¤È¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¤Î¤Ç¡¤°ÕÌ£¤¬¤Ê¤¤¤Ç¤¹¤Í¡£¤½¤Î¤Þ¤Þ·×»»¤·¤Æ¡¤ºÇ½ª·ë²Ì¤Îɽ¼¨¤Î¤È¤­¤Ëʸ»úÎó¤È¤·¤Æɽ¼¨¤¹¤ë¤â¤Î¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¡£

> sprintf("%.2f", 31.2345)
[1] "31.23"
> sprintf("%.2f", 30)
[1] "30.00"
> sprintf("%.2f", 31.45678)
[1] "31.46"

Re: ¾®¿ô°Ê²¼¤ò·¤¨¤ë
¡¡¡¡Åê¹Æ¼Ô¡§¥³¥í¥ó 2021/12/12(Sun) 14:30 No. 23174
ÀÄÌÚÀèÀ¸

¿½¤·Ìõ¤´¤¶¤¤¤Þ¤»¤ó¤Ç¤·¤¿¡£ºÆÅÙ¤´¶µ¼¨¤¯¤À¤µ¤¤¤Þ¤»¡£

»ÈÍѥǡ¼¥¿¤Ï¼¡¤ÎÄ̤ê¤Ç¡¤¤³¤ì¤òd¤È¤·¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£

method personal score
¹õÈÄ Äã 18
¹õÈÄ Äã 6
¹õÈÄ Äã 29
¹õÈÄ Ãæ 20
¹õÈÄ Ãæ 12
¹õÈÄ Ãæ 31
¹õÈÄ ¹â 40
¹õÈÄ ¹â 49
¹õÈÄ ¹â 31

°Ê²¼¤ÏplotÅù¤ò»È¤Ã¤¿¥°¥é¥Õ¤È¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£¤³¤Î¥°¥é¥Õ¤ËÊ¿¶ÑÅÀ¤ò·å¿ô¤ò·¤¨¤Æɽ¼¨¤µ¤»¤¿¤¤¤Î¤Ç¤¹¡£

x <- c(1, 2, 3)
mean4 <- round(mean(d[method=="¹õÈÄ" & personal=="Äã", 3]), digits=2)
mean5 <- round(mean(d[method=="¹õÈÄ" & personal=="Ãæ", 3]), digits=2)
mean6 <- round(mean(d[method=="¹õÈÄ" & personal=="¹â", 3]), digits=2)

allmean2 <- c(mean4, mean5, mean6)

plot(x, allmean2, xaxt="n", yaxt="n", xlab="", ylab="", xlim=c(0.5, 3.5), ylim=c(0, 50), type="b", pch=2, lwd=2, lty=2, col=3)

text(x=1, mean4-3, mean4)
text(x=2, mean5+3, mean5)
text(x=3, mean6+3, mean6)

¤è¤í¤·¤¯¤ª´ê¤¤Ãפ·¤Þ¤¹¡£

Re: ¾®¿ô°Ê²¼¤ò·¤¨¤ë
¡¡¡¡Åê¹Æ¼Ô¡§aoki 2021/12/12(Sun) 15:14 No. 23175
No. 23173 ¤ÎºÇ¸å¤Ë½ñ¤¤¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤³¤È¤½¤Î¤Þ¤Þ¤Ç¤¹¤¬¡¤°Ê²¼¤Ç¤è¤¤¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¡£

text(x=1, mean4-3, sprintf("%.2f", mean4))
text(x=2, mean5+3, sprintf("%.2f", mean5))
text(x=3, mean6+3, sprintf("%.2f", mean6))

¤Ê¤ª¡¤ºÇ¶á R ¤ò½ñ¤¯¤³¤È¤¬¥á¥Ã¥­¥ê¸º¤Ã¤Æ¡¤
d[method=="¹õÈÄ" & personal=="Äã", 3]
¤Ç½Ð¤ë¥¨¥é¡¼¤ÎÍýͳ¤¬¤ï¤«¤é¤Ê¤¯¤Æ¾Ç¤ê¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£

Re: ¾®¿ô°Ê²¼¤ò·¤¨¤ë
¡¡¡¡Åê¹Æ¼Ô¡§¥³¥í¥ó 2021/12/12(Sun) 20:54 No. 23176
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¤È¤³¤í¤Ç¡¢d[method==.....¤Î¤È¤³¤í¤Ê¤Î¤Ç¤¹¤¬¡¢»ä¤ÎR¤Ç¤Ï¥¨¥é¡¼¤¬½Ð¤Þ¤»¤ó¤Ç¤·¤¿¤¬¡¢²¿¤«ÌäÂ꤬¤´¤¶¤¤¤Þ¤¹¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¤«¡£¤â¤·¤è¤í¤·¤±¤ì¤Ð¤´»ØƳ¤¤¤¿¤À¤±¤Þ¤¹¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¤«¡£

Re: ¾®¿ô°Ê²¼¤ò·¤¨¤ë
¡¡¡¡Åê¹Æ¼Ô¡§aoki 2021/12/12(Sun) 22:45 No. 23177
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method personal score
¹õÈÄ Äã 18
¹õÈÄ Äã 6
¹õÈÄ Äã 29
¹õÈÄ Ãæ 20
¹õÈÄ Ãæ 12
¹õÈÄ Ãæ 31
¹õÈÄ ¹â 40
¹õÈÄ ¹â 49
¹õÈÄ ¹â 31

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foor [1] > cat test.dat

method personal score
¹õÈÄ Äã 18
¹õÈÄ Äã 6
¹õÈÄ Äã 29
¹õÈÄ Ãæ 20
¹õÈÄ Ãæ 12
¹õÈÄ Ãæ 31
¹õÈÄ ¹â 40
¹õÈÄ ¹â 49
¹õÈÄ ¹â 31

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¤³¤ì¤ò¡¤reda.table ¤ÇÆɤ߹þ¤ó¤Ç¡¤

> d <- read.table("test.dat", header=TRUE)

ɽ¼¨¤·¤Æ¤ß¤ë¤È¡¤¤Á¤ã¤ó¤ÈÆɤ߹þ¤á¤Æ¤¤¤Þ¤¹

> d
1 method personal score
2 ¹õÈÄ Äã 18
3 ¹õÈÄ Äã 6
4 ¹õÈÄ Äã 29
5 ¹õÈÄ Ãæ 20
6 ¹õÈÄ Ãæ 12
7 ¹õÈÄ Ãæ 31
8 ¹õÈÄ ¹â 40
9 ¹õÈÄ ¹â 49
10 ¹õÈÄ ¹â 31

¤Ç¡¤¤¢¤Ê¤¿¤¬½ñ¤¤¤¿¤è¤¦¤Ë¤ä¤Ã¤Æ¤ß¤ë¤È

> d[method=="¹õÈÄ" & personal=="Äã", 3]
Error in `[.data.frame`(d, method == "¹õÈÄ" & personal == "Äã", 3) :
object 'method' not found

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¤·¤Ð¤·½Ï¹Í¸å¡¤°Ê²¼¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¤ó¤À¤í¤¦¤Ê¤È

> d[d$method=="¹õÈÄ" & d$personal=="Äã", 3]
[1] 18 6 29

¤¨¡Á¡Á¤È¡¤tydyvers ¤È¤« dplyr ¤È¤«¡¤¤Û¤«¤Î¥Ê¥ó¥È¥«¥é¥¤¥Ö¥é¥ê¡¤¤ò»È¤¨¤Ð¤Ç¤­¤ë¤ó¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¤«?»þÂåÃÙ¤ì¤Ê¤Î¤Ç¡¤pure ¤Ê R ¤·¤«»È¤¨¤Ê¤¤¤ó¤Ç¤¹¡£

¤ï¤¶¤ï¤¶¥Ç¡¼¥¿¥Õ¥¡¥¤¥ë¤òºî¤é¤Ê¤¤¤È¤¤¤±¤Ê¤¤¤È¤«¡¤Í¾Ê¬¤Ê¥é¥¤¥Ö¥é¥ê¤òÆɤó¤Ç¤ª¤«¤Ê¤¤¤È¤¤¤±¤Ê¤¤¤È¤«¡Ê¾¯¤Ê¤¯¤È¤â¡¤»ä¤Ï dplyr ¤È¤« tidyverse ¤½¤Î¾¤Ï¡¤»È¤ï¤Ê¤¤¡Ë¡¤¡ÊÄɻ¤Æ¤ß¤è¤¦¤È¤¹¤ë¾¤Î¥æ¡¼¥¶¤ÎÊý¤Î¤¿¤á¤Ë¤â¡Ë¾¤Î;ʬ¤ÊÁ°Äó¾ò·ï¤¬É¬Íפʤ¤¤è¤¦¤ËÄ󼨤¹¤ë¤Î¤¬¤è¤í¤·¤¤¤«¤È¡£¡ÊÊØÍø¤Ê¤é¤Ð¡¤¤½¤Î¤è¤¦¤Ê¥é¥¤¥Ö¥é¥ê¡¼¤ò»È¤¦¤è¤¦¤Ë¾©Î夹¤ì¤Ð¤è¤¤¤È¤Ï»×¤¤¤Þ¤¹¤¬¡Ël

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> d <- structure(list(method = c("¹õÈÄ", "¹õÈÄ", "¹õÈÄ", "¹õÈÄ",
"¹õÈÄ", "¹õÈÄ", "¹õÈÄ", "¹õÈÄ", "¹õÈÄ"), personal = c("Äã",
"Äã", "Äã", "Ãæ", "Ãæ", "Ãæ", "¹â", "¹â", "¹â"), score = c(18L,
6L, 29L, 20L, 12L, 31L, 40L, 49L, 31L)), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA,
-9L))

> mean4 <- round(mean(d[d$method=="¹õÈÄ" & d$personal=="Äã", 3]), digits=2)
> mean4
[1] 17.67

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mean4 <- round(mean(d[method=="¹õÈÄ" & personal=="Äã", 3]), digits=2)
¤Ç mean4 ¤¬¤Ê¤¼µá¤Þ¤ë¤Î¤«¤Ê〜〜¤È»×¤Ã¤¿¤ï¤±¤Ç¤¹¡£¡Ê»þÂåÃÙ¤ì?¡Ë

Re: ¾®¿ô°Ê²¼¤ò·¤¨¤ë
¡¡¡¡Åê¹Æ¼Ô¡§aoki 2021/12/12(Sun) 23:17 No. 23178
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Re: ¾®¿ô°Ê²¼¤ò·¤¨¤ë
¡¡¡¡Åê¹Æ¼Ô¡§¥³¥í¥ó 2021/12/13(Mon) 09:37 No. 23179
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ÀèÀ¸¤¬½ñ¤¤¤Æ¤¯¤À¤µ¤Ã¤¿¥³¡¼¥É¤ò¸«¤Æ¡¤¡Ê´Ø·¸¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¤Î¤«¤âÃΤì¤Þ¤»¤ó¤¬¡ËVBA¤Î°Ê²¼¤ò»×¤¤½Ð¤·¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£

ws1.Range(ws1.cells(), ws1.cells())

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Re: ¾®¿ô°Ê²¼¤ò·¤¨¤ë
¡¡¡¡Åê¹Æ¼Ô¡§aoki 2021/12/13(Mon) 10:58 No. 23180
¤É¤³¤«Á°¤ÎÊý¤Ç¡¤

> method <- c("¹õÈÄ", "¹õÈÄ", "¹õÈÄ", "¹õÈÄ", "¹õÈÄ", "¹õÈÄ", "¹õÈÄ", "¹õÈÄ", "¹õÈÄ")
> personal <- c("Äã", "Äã", "Äã", "Ãæ", "Ãæ", "Ãæ", "¹â", "¹â", "¹â")

¤È¤«¤ä¤Ã¤Æ¤Þ¤»¤ó¤Ç¤·¤¿¤«?
¤½¤Î¤¢¤È¤Ç d <- dataframe(method, personal, score) ¤È¤·¤¿¤È¤«¡£

> d[method=="¹õÈÄ" & personal=="Äã", 3]
[1] 18 6 29

[ ] ¤ÎÃæ¤Î method ¤â personal ¤â ¥Ç¡¼¥¿¥Õ¥ì¡¼¥àÃæ¤Î method¡¤personal ¤Ç¤Ï¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£

Re: ¾®¿ô°Ê²¼¤ò·¤¨¤ë
¡¡¡¡Åê¹Æ¼Ô¡§aoki 2021/12/13(Mon) 11:06 No. 23181
¤É¤³¤«Á°¤ÎÊý¤Ç¡¤

> method <- c("¹õÈÄ", "¹õÈÄ", "¹õÈÄ", "¹õÈÄ", "¹õÈÄ", "¹õÈÄ", "¹õÈÄ", "¹õÈÄ", "¹õÈÄ")
> personal <- c("Äã", "Äã", "Äã", "Ãæ", "Ãæ", "Ãæ", "¹â", "¹â", "¹â")

¤È¤«¤ä¤Ã¤Æ¤Þ¤»¤ó¤Ç¤·¤¿¤«?
¤½¤Î¤¢¤È¤Ç d <- dataframe(method, personal, score) ¤È¤·¤¿¤È¤«¡£

> d[method=="¹õÈÄ" & personal=="Äã", 3]
[1] 18 6 29

[ ] ¤ÎÃæ¤Î method ¤â personal ¤â ¥Ç¡¼¥¿¥Õ¥ì¡¼¥àÃæ¤Î method¡¤personal ¤Ç¤Ï¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¡£

Re: ¾®¿ô°Ê²¼¤ò·¤¨¤ë
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0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0

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¡¡¡¡Åê¹Æ¼Ô¡§aoki 2022/05/26(Thu) 23:39 No. 23188
¤¤¤ï¤æ¤ë null model ¤Ç¤¹¤Í¡£

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> glm(y ~ 1)

Call: glm(formula = y ~ 1)

Coefficients:
(Intercept)
0.07964601769912

Degrees of Freedom: 112 Total (i.e. Null); 112 Residual
Null Deviance: 16.28318584071
Residual Deviance: 16.28318584071 AIC: 105.7703175934
¤È¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹¤¬¡¤Intercept = 0.07964601769912 ¤È¤¤¤¦¤³¤È¤Ï¡¤¤É¤Î¤è¤¦¤ÊÆÈΩÊÑ¿ô¤Ç¤¢¤Ã¤Æ¤â¡Ê¼ÂºÝ¤ÏÆÈΩÊÑ¿ô¤Ï¤Ê¤¤¤Î¤Ç¤¹¤¬¡Ëͽ¬ÃÍ¤Ï 0.07964601769912 ¤À¡ª¤È¤¤¤¦¡¤¤É¤¦¤Ç¤â¤è¤¤¥â¥Ç¥ë¤È¤¤¤¦¤³¤È¤Ç¤¹¡£

¼ÂºÝ¡¤
y = c(0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0)
¤ÎÊ¿¶ÑÃͤÏ
> mean(y)
[1] 0.07964601769911507
¤Ç¤¹¤«¤é¡£¥â¥Ç¥ë¤â¤Ø¤Ã¤¿¤¯¤ì¤â¤Ê¤¤¤Ç¤¹¡£

¤Þ¤¿¡¤glm ¤Ç¤¢¤í¤¦¤¬ lm ¤Ç¤¢¤í¤¦¤¬¡¤¡Ê¤ª¾þ¤ê¤ÎÉôʬ¤Ï¤Ê¤¯¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹¤¬¡Ë¼çÍפʷë²Ì¤ÏƱ¤¸¤Ë¤Ê¤ê¤Þ¤¹¡£
> lm(y ~ 1)

Call:
lm(formula = y ~ 1)

Coefficients:
(Intercept)
0.07964601769912


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https://www.dynacom.co.jp/product_service/packages/snpalyze/sa_t2_oneside-twoside.html

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¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡»¿À®¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡È¿ÂС¡¡¡¡¡¹ç·×
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ÈæΨ¡¡0.3013699 0.6250000

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R¤òÍѤ¤¤Æ°Ê²¼¤Î¥³¥Þ¥ó¥É¤òÂǤÁ¤Þ¤·¤¿¡£

> prop.test(c(22,50),c(73,80))

R¤Î·ë²Ì¤ò°Ê²¼¤Ë¼¨¤¹¡£

2-sample test for equality of proportions with continuity
correction

data: c(22, 50) out of c(73, 80)
X-squared = 14.774, df = 1, p-value = 0.0001212
alternative hypothesis: two.sided
95 percent confidence interval:
-0.4861744 -0.1610859
sample estimates:
prop 1 prop 2
0.3013699 0.6250000

PÃͤ¬0.05̤Ëþ¤Ê¤Î¤Ç¡¤¤³¤Î£²¤Ä¤ÎÈæΨ¤Ë¤Ïº¹¤¬¤¢¤ë¤È¸À¤¨¤ë¡£

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> prop.test(c(22,50),c(73,80),correct=FALSE,alternative="less")

R¤Î·ë²Ì¤ò°Ê²¼¤Ë¼¨¤¹¡£

2-sample test for equality of proportions without continuity
correction

data: c(22, 50) out of c(73, 80)
X-squared = 16.047, df = 1, p-value = 3.09e-05
alternative hypothesis: less
95 percent confidence interval:
-1.000000 -0.198212
sample estimates:
prop 1 prop 2
0.3013699 0.6250000

PÃͤÏ0.0000309¤È0.05̤Ëþ¤Ê¤Î¤Ç¡¤Á°¼Ô¤ÎÈæΨ¡Ê0.3013699¡Ë¤Ï¸å¼Ô¤ÎÈæΨ¡Ê0.6250000¡Ë¤è¤ê¤â¾®¤µ¤¤¤È¸À¤¨¤ë¡£

¤³¤ÎÍͤÊÊÒ¦¸¡Äê¤Ï¡¤¦ÖÆó¾è¸¡Äê¤Ç¤Ï½ÐÍè¤Ê¤¤¤È¹Í¤¨¤ÆÎɤ¤¤Ç¤·¤ç¤¦¤«¡©R¤Çchisq.test´Ø¿ô¤ò»ý¤Á¤Æ¥È¥é¥¤¤·¤¿¤Î¤Ç¤¹¤¬¡¤ÊÒ¦¸¡Ä꤬½ÐÍè¤ë¥ª¥×¥·¥ç¥ó¤Ï̵¤¤´¶¤¸¤Ç¤·¤¿¡£

°Ê¾å¡¤¤è¤í¤·¤¯¤ª´ê¤¤¤·¤Þ¤¹¡£

Re: ÈæΨ¤Îº¹¤Î¸¡Äê
¡¡¡¡Åê¹Æ¼Ô¡§aoki 2021/11/03(Wed) 20:22 No. 23160
·ëÏÀ¤«¤éÀè¤Ë¤¤¤¦¤È¡¤prop.test ¤ÏÌÌÅݸ«¤¬¤è¤¤¤Î¤ËÂФ·¤Æ¡¤chisq.test ¤Ï¥½¥ó¥Ê¥Î¥·¥Ã¥¿¥³¥Ã¥Á¥ã¥Í¡¼¤ÈÁǤõ¤¤Ê¤¤¤È¤¤¤¦¤³¤È¤Ç¤¹¡£

prop.test() ¤Î¥½¡¼¥¹¥ê¥¹¥È¤Ç¤Ï¡¤p ÃÍ¡ÊPVAL¡Ë¤ò·è¤á¤ë¤Î¤Ï°Ê²¼¤Î²Õ½ê¤Ç¤¹¡ÊÃí¼á¤Ï»ä¤¬ÉÕ¤±²Ã¤¨¤Þ¤·¤¿¡Ë¡£

if (alternative == "two.sided") # ξ¦¸¡Äê¤Î¾ì¹ç
PVAL <- pchisq(STATISTIC, PARAMETER, lower.tail = FALSE)
else { # ÊÒ¦¸¡Äê¤Î¾ì¹ç
if (k == 1) # ÊìÈæΨ¤Î¸¡Äê¤Î¾ì¹ç
z <- sign(ESTIMATE - p) * sqrt(STATISTIC)
else z <- sign(DELTA) * sqrt(STATISTIC) # Æ󷲤ÎÈæ³Ó¤Î¾ì¹ç
# ¸¡ÄêÅý·×Î̤ÎÊ¿Êýº¬¤ò¤È¤ê
# Éä¹æ¤Ï DELTA > 0 ¤Î¤È¤­Àµ¡¤DELTA < 0 ¤Î¤È¤­Éé
PVAL <- pnorm(z, lower.tail = (alternative == "less"))
# p ÃͤÎÀßÄê
# alternative == "less" ¤Î¤È¤­¡¤²¼Â¦³ÎΨ
}

# Î㼨¤µ¤ì¤¿¥Ç¡¼¥¿¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤ÆʬÀϤ·¤Æ¤ß¤Þ¤¹

tbl <- matrix(c(22, 50, 51, 30), byrow=TRUE, ncol=2)
print(tbl)

[,1] [,2]
[1,] 22 50
[2,] 51 30

# ¤Þ¤º¤Ï prop.test() ¤Î·ë²Ì¤Ç¤¹

result.prop.test <- prop.test(c(22, 50), c(73, 80), correct=FALSE, alternative="less")
print(result.prop.test)

2-sample test for equality of proportions without continuity
correction

data: c(22, 50) out of c(73, 80)
X-squared = 16.047, df = 1, p-value = 3.09e-05
alternative hypothesis: less
95 percent confidence interval:
-1.000000 -0.198212
sample estimates:
prop 1 prop 2
0.3013699 0.6250000

# ¥×¥í¥°¥é¥àÃæ¤Ç¤Î³ÆÊÑ¿ô¤ÎÃͤγÎǧ¤ò¤·¤Þ¤¹

DELTA <- unname(result.prop.test$estimate[1] - result.prop.test$estimate[2])
print(DELTA) # ÈæΨ¤Îº¹¡ÊÉä¹æÉÕ¤­¡Ë

[1] -0.3236301

STATISTIC <- unname(result.prop.test$statistic)
print(STATISTIC) # ¸¡ÄêÅý·×Î̡ʦÖ2ʬÉۤ˽¾¤¦¡Ë

[1] 16.04666

print(sqrt(STATISTIC)) # ¦Ö2ʬÉÛÅý·×Î̤ÎÊ¿Êýº¬¤Ïɸ½àÀµµ¬Ê¬ÉÛÅý·×ÎÌ

[1] 4.005828

print(sign(DELTA)) # Éä¹æ¤Î·èÄê

[1] -1

z <- sign(DELTA) * sqrt(STATISTIC)
print(z) # Éä¹æÉÕ¤­¤Îɸ½àÀµµ¬Ê¬ÉÛÅý·×ÎÌ

[1] -4.005828

# ¡ú¡ú ¸å¤Ç»²¾È¤¹¤ë¤¿¤á¤Î¥Ö¥Ã¥¯¥Þ¡¼¥¯

alternative <- "less"
PVAL <- pnorm(z, lower.tail = (alternative == "less"))
print(PVAL) # ÊÒ¦ p ÃÍ

[1] 3.090026e-05

prop.test ¤«¤é¤Î·ë²Ì¡£¾å¤Î PVAL ¤È°ìÃפ·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤³¤È¤ò³Îǧ¡£

print(result.prop.test$p.value)

[1] 3.090026e-05

¤µ¤Æ¡¤¤³¤³¤«¤é¤¬²óÅú¤Ç¤¹¡£
prop.test() ¤ËÂФ·¤Æ¡¤chisq.test() ¤Ï¡¤prop.test() ¤È°ã¤¤¡¤¼Â¤ËÁǤõ¤¤Ê¤¤¡£

prop.test() ¤¬¤ä¤Ã¤Æ¤¯¤ì¤¿¤³¤È¤Ï¡¤chisq.test() ¤Ç¤Ï¼«Ê¬¤Ç¤¹¤ë¤·¤«¤Ê¤¤¡£

result.chisq.test = chisq.test(tbl, correct=FALSE)
print(result.chisq.test) # chisq.test ¤Î·ë²Ì¡ÊÊÒ¦¸¡Äê¤Ê¤ó¤ÆÃΤé¤Ê¤¤¤«¤é¡ª¤È¡¤ÁǤõ¤¤Ê¤¤¡Ë

Pearson's Chi-squared test

data: tbl
X-squared = 16.047, df = 1, p-value = 6.18e-05

ÊÒ¦¸¡Äê¤Î¾ì¹ç¡¤¼«Ê¬¤Ç¤ä¤ë¤·¤«¤Ê¤¤¡Êprop.test() ¤Ï¤ä¤Ã¤Æ¤¯¤ì¤¿¤Î¤Ë¡Ë¡£

z <- sqrt(result.chisq.test$statistic) # ɸ½àÀµµ¬Ê¬Éۤ˽¾¤¦Åý·×Î̤ò¼«Ê¬¤Ç·×»»¤¹¤ë
print(z)

X-squared
4.005828

p.value <- pnorm(-z) # ¡ÖŬÀÚ¤Ë¡× z ¤ÎÉä¹æ¤òÉÕ¤±¤ë¤³¤È
print(p.value)

X-squared
3.090026e-05

¾å¤Î¥Ö¥Ã¥¯¥Þ¡¼¥¯ ¡ú¡ú ¤ÈƱ¤¸·ë²Ì¤Ë¤Ê¤Ã¤¿¤³¤È¤ò³Îǧ¤¹¤ë¡£

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alternative <- "less"
PVAL <- pnorm(z, lower.tail = (alternative == "less"))

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PVAL <- pnorm(z, lower.tail = TRUE)

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> alternative <- "less"
> PVAL <- pnorm(z, lower.tail = (alternative == "less"))

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> PVAL <- pnorm(z, lower.tail = (alternative == "less"))

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